[ 1971 | 1972 | 1973 | 1974 | 1975 | 1976 | 1977 | 1978 | 1979 | 1980 | 1981 | 1982 | 1983 | 1984 | 1985 | 1986 | 1987 | 1988 | 1989 | 1990 | 1991 | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2001 | 2002 | 2016 | 2018 ]
1971 | ||
Source: 1972 Bluestone | "Hobo Band" in the back of the yearbook. The only marching bands on campus before the dukes. Source: 1972 Bluestone | Jim Sheldrake: "Well, say what you want, but let's face it...NOTHING will ever top the Central Appalachian Marching Band of Central USA (CAMBEUSA) of 1971...the predecessor of the MRDs" Source: provided by Jim Sheldrake |
1972 | ||
Picture from the Christmas parade Source: Harrisonburg Daily-News Record. Dec 4, 1972 | Earliest original photo of the MRDs. Likely Homecoming game, which was played on a grassy field next to Godwin. Rain caused Harrisonburg High to be unusuable. Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 17 Folder 2) | Doug Shomaker, drum major. Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 17 Folder 2) |
Director Malcom Harris. (Hands in pockets) Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 17 Folder 2) | Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 17 Folder 2) | Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 17 Folder 2) |
Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 17 Folder 2) | Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 17 Folder 2) | From Beth McGinnis: "The marching band also began in 1972, [sic] though they wouldn't be known as the Marching Royal Dukes until a few years later. Madison College welcomed a new wrestling team and a men's fencing team that year, as the school worked towards bringing in more men's sports to equal out the strong women's athletic program." Source: provided by Bill Posey |
Source: 1973 Bluestone | The first marching band of what was then Madison College. The founding fathers/mothers of the MRDs Source: provided by Bill Posey | |
1973 | ||
Source: 1974 Bluestone | Source: 1974 Bluestone | |
1974 | ||
Pep band. Bill Posey: "Those jackets were originally worn by the first generation Madisonians (Madison Singers and Jazz Ensemble). They were almost like canvas, prolly made by Omar the tent maker..." Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 9 Folder 1) | Source: 1975 Bluestone | |
1975 | ||
Source: 1976 Bluestone | Kathy Saville Source: 1976 Bluestone | Source: 1976 Bluestone |
1976 | ||
Drum Major Debra Soyars Bray Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 9 Folder 1) | Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 9 Folder 1) | Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 9 Folder 1) |
Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 9 Folder 1) | Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 9 Folder 1) | Source: 1977 Bluestone |
Source: 1977 Bluestone | ||
1977 | ||
Source: 1978 Bluestone | "This is Mikes first year---this was the Brian' Song circle drill. This was the fall of '77." -- Earl E Shaffer, Jr. Source: Carrier Library Collection | Ms. Madison contest presentation. Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 9 Folder 1) |
Source: Carrier Library Collection | Jennie Dimaggio of Oregon, WI. Trombone. Source: Carrier Library Collection | Source: 1978 Bluestone |
Candid shot at Homecoming game Source: provided by Carrie Segelhorst | Candid shot at Homecoming game Source: provided by Carrie Segelhorst | Source: 1978 Bluestone |
Source: 1978 Bluestone | ||
1978 | ||
Source: desc=The only | Source: 1979 Bluestone | |
1979 | ||
Performance at UVA. At this time, UVA did not have a band and would hire high schools and other colleges to play halftime. Tom McKenzie: "That was the same week as that freak snowstorm. We didn't know whether the game would be cancelled." Cindy Rose Holland: "The stands were chanting "High School, High School,High School!" As we were coming in. Then got very quiet after the first note." Dana Gillis: "I remember the snark turning to cheers by the end of the show." Bill Jones: "Yes this is UVA. I'm out there running on fumes from staying up all the night before painting Beta Bridge." Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 9 Folder 1) | Company front stepping over the guard. Bill Posey, Drum Major, out front. Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 9 Folder 1) | At UVA, overnight before playing halftime, some band members painted the "Beta" bridge in purple, with the gold letters: "JMU Marching Royal Dukes." Painting the Beta bridge is a student tradition at UVA. It was whitewashed by UVA within a day or two. Chris Sutton: "Some of us painted a bridge... The night before.. Forgot to thank DU and it got white washed in hours." Source: provided by Mark Lennon |
Source: 1980 Bluestone | Source: 1980 Bluestone | Source: 1980 Bluestone |
Perfomance at UVA Source: JMU Historic Photo Collection #Musi102 | ||
1980 | ||
Snare line: Bart Lowry, unknown, Bruce Boslaugh, Rush Earmon, Steve Falcone, Jim Hensley Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 17 Folder 2) | Away at Virginia Tech (1) Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 9 Folder 1) | Away at Virginia Tech (2) Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 9 Folder 1) |
Away at Virginia Tech (3) Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 9 Folder 1) | Away at Virginia Tech (4) Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 9 Folder 1) | Snare line. Note the soft-strap harnesses. Source: Carrier Library Collection |
Source: 1981 Bluestone | Source: 1981 Bluestone | Source: 1981 Bluestone |
Source: 1981 Bluestone | Source: 1981 Bluestone | |
1981 | ||
Pep band at the NCAA tournament game vs Notre Dame on March 14, 1981. JMU "circle logo" shirts and "concert" tubas. Bill Posey: The tubas were purchased thinking they were convertibles (flip the leadpipe and they were like bell front contras) except they weren't. If you find the right pictures you will see them in use on the field. Also, these dedicated Pep Band shirts were somewhat less than comfortable... Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 9 Folder 1) | Chris Magee Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 9 Folder 3) | Source: 1982 Bluestone |
Source: 1982 Bluestone | Source: 1982 Bluestone | Source: desc=Panel on |
Source: 1982 Bluestone | Source: 1982 Bluestone | Source: 1982 Bluestone |
Elizabeth Clarke: "Playing sweet, sweet music to my roommate's boyfriend in Cleveland. That or I am trying to get rid of him." Source: provided by Elizabeth Clarke | Dana Gillis Source: provided by Zina Facemire | |
1982 | ||
David Greenagel and Bill Posey. Discussion on the sidelines at U Va. Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 12 Folder 10) | Source: 1983 Bluestone | Source: 1983 Bluestone |
NFC Championship performance at RFK stadium Source: 1983 Bluestone | Source: 1983 Bluestone | Source: 1983 Bluestone |
Source: 1983 Bluestone | Dana Gillis Source: provided by Ric Benson | Tuba section. Robert Francist on right. Bryan Simpson in front of line. Jarrat ? second in line. Robert "Toosie" Walton third in line. Source: provided by Ric Benson |
1983 | ||
Source: 1984 Bluestone | Source: 1984 Bluestone | Source: 1984 Bluestone |
Source: 1984 Bluestone | Source: 1984 Bluestone | Source: 1984 Bluestone |
Source: 1984 Bluestone | Section Photo: Trumpets Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 17 Folder 2) | Section Photo: Drumline Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 17 Folder 2) |
Source: Carrier Library Collection | Sectional Photo Source: Carrier Library Collection | Source: Carrier Library Collection |
Source: Carrier Library Collection | Sectional Photo Source: Carrier Library Collection | Sectional Photo Source: Carrier Library Collection |
Source: Carrier Library Collection | Source: Carrier Library Collection | Source: Carrier Library Collection |
Source: Carrier Library Collection | Source: Carrier Library Collection | UVA performance. David Greenagel as drum major. Bill Posey: "Definitely a Dr. Rooney drill, and this was the first time the Rooneyform appeared, completely by accident. That's Dave Greennagel and me by the podium." Source: Carrier Library Collection |
UVA performance: Long shot photo Source: Carrier Library Collection | UVA performance Source: Carrier Library Collection | Sectional Photo Source: Carrier Library Collection |
Source: Carrier Library Collection | Sectional Photo Source: Carrier Library Collection | Sectional Photo Source: Carrier Library Collection |
Sectional Photo Source: Carrier Library Collection | UVA Performance Source: Carrier Library Collection | Sectional Photo Source: Carrier Library Collection |
UVA performance Source: Carrier Library Collection | Sectional Photo Source: Carrier Library Collection | Sectional Photo Source: Carrier Library Collection |
Drum majors: Chris Card, Unknown, Schott Rohm, Unknown. Majorettes: Unknown, Unknown. Source: Carrier Library Collection | Percussion line. Left bass drum: John McAlister. Right bass drum: Unknown Snares: Jennifer Hoeft, Cindy Calhoun Suter, unknown, Lance Pedigo, Jon Solomonson, Andy Raines. Cowbell and cymbals: unknown Source: provided by Jon Solomonson | |
1984 | ||
Source: 1985 Bluestone | Source: 1985 Bluestone | Source: 1985 Bluestone |
Source: 1985 Bluestone | Source: 1985 Bluestone | Source: 1985 Bluestone |
Source: 1985 Bluestone | Source: 1985 Bluestone | Rehearsal on Hillside, but facing backfield. Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 14 Folder 1) |
Olympic Fanfare Source: Carrier Library (Box 17, Folder 2) | Posing in front of the Virginia Capital. The MRDs performed at an event honoring Virginia participants in the 1984 olympics. Source: Carrier Library Collection | |
1985 | ||
Source: 1986 Bluestone | Source: 1996 Bluestone | Source: 1986 Bluestone |
Source: 1986 Bluestone | Source: 1986 Bluestone | Source: 1986 Bluestone |
Source: 1986 Bluestone | ||
1986 | ||
Source: 1987 Bluestone | Source: 1987 Bluestone | Source: 1987 Bluestone |
Source: 1987 Bluestone | Source: 1987 Bluestone | Source: 1987 Bluestone |
Source: 1987 Bluestone | Press or Christmas Card photo Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 1 Folder 6) | M&M drills from summer band camp at the football practice field by the Convo. (Not Hillside) Kevin Rayford leading the drill, front and center. |
M&M drills at summer band camp. Source: Carrier Library Collection | Drum Major and Section Leader meeting in old Wampler hall. Source: Carrier Library Collection | |
1987 | ||
Source: 1988 Bluestone | Source: 1988 Bluestone | Source: 1988 Bluestone |
Source: 1988 Bluestone | Source: 1988 Bluestone | Source: 1988 Bluestone |
Ken McGee, Sue McKenzie and Julian King solo in "Taboo" Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 16 Folder 5) | Fondly known as "It" - the massive banner that was the replica constitution was created by au Beta Sigma and Kappa Kappa Psi made that constitution over the course of 2 days and nights. Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 17 Folder 2) | Performance on Capitol Hill, Washington, DC. Christmas Card. Source: provided by Brooks Ferrett |
200th anniversary of the constitution. Source: provided by Rhett B. Franklin | The view form the endzone. In 1987, the band sat in end-zone bleachers a few times. (The band traditionally sat at the very end of the home side stadium. By 1988, the band was in the end-zone belachers full-time. Michelle Turenne is facing the camera in the center. Source: Provided by Tim Creeden | Old Shenandoah Hall. (Built 1922, razed 2006) Mu Phi Delta is an unofficial fraternity within the MRDs. Source: provided by Rhett B. Franklin |
Performance on the National Mall Source: provided by Michael Murphy | ||
1988 | ||
Bands of America performance, in the Pontiac Silverdome Source: provided by Brooks Ferrett | Source: 1989 Bluestone | Source: 1989 Bluestone |
Source: 1989 Bluestone | BOA Exhibition Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 11 Folder 2) | BOA Exhibition Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 11 Folder 2) |
BOA Exhibition Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 11 Folder 2) | BOA Exhibition Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 11 Folder 2) | BOA Exhibition Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 11 Folder 2) |
BOA Exhibition Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 11 Folder 2) | BOA Exhibition Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 11 Folder 2) | BOA Exhibition Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 11 Folder 2) |
BOA Exhibition Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 11 Folder 2) | BOA Exhibition Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 11 Folder 2) | BOA Exhibition Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 11 Folder 2) |
BOA Exhibition Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 11 Folder 2) | BOA Exhibition Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 11 Folder 2) | BOA Exhibition Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 11 Folder 2) |
BOA Exhibition Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 11 Folder 2) | BOA Exhibition Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 11 Folder 2) | BOA Exhibition Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 11 Folder 2) |
BOA Exhibition Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 11 Folder 2) | BOA Exhibition Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 11 Folder 2) | BOA Exhibition Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 11 Folder 2) |
BOA Exhibition Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 11 Folder 2) | BOA Exhibition Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 11 Folder 2) | BOA Exhibition Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 11 Folder 2) |
"Olympic Spirit" by Robert W. Smith. POC mid-day exhibition performance. Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 17 Folder 2) | POC mid-day exhibition show. Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 17 Folder 2) | BOA exhibition Source: provided by Patti Newman Huggins |
BOA exhibition: The lost art of marching on to the field. Source: provided by Patti Newman Huggins | BOA exhibition Source: provided by Patti Newman Huggins | BOA exhibition: White pants special for the BOA show. Source: provided by Patti Newman Huggins |
BOA exhibition: Deborah Barrigan Source: provided by Patti Newman Huggins | BOA exhibition Source: provided by Patti Newman Huggins | BOA exhibition Source: provided by Patti Newman Huggins |
BOA exhibition Source: provided by Patti Newman Huggins | BOA exhibition Source: provided by Patti Newman Huggins | BOA exhibition Source: provided by Patti Newman Huggins |
BOA exhibition: Grabbing a meal in Cleveland Source: provided by Patti Newman Huggins | BOA exhibition: Dr. Rooney, inspiration speech and announcements Source: provided by Patti Newman Huggins | BOA exhibition Source: provided by Patti Newman Huggins |
BOA exhibition: Huddle Source: provided by Patti Newman Huggins | BOA exhibition Source: provided by Patti Newman Huggins | BOA exhibition Source: provided by Patti Newman Huggins |
BOA exhibition Source: provided by Patti Newman Huggins | BOA exhibition: Ray Lynch Source: provided by Patti Newman Huggins | |
1989 | ||
Source: 1990 Bluestone | Source: 1990 Bluestone | Deb Barrigan And Sue Hawkins Smith on the podium. Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 15 Folder 1) |
1990 | ||
"Amy Everitt, a member of the JMU color guard, prepares to perform in a football haltime show. While the band provided the audio part of the show, the color guard provided the visual aspect." Source: 1991 Bluestone | "Dukette Libby Barnes finishe off the dance squad's Homecoming routine with a smile. Although they didn't normal perform at football games, occasionally a special event called for the extra touch." Source: 1991 Bluestone | Source: 1991 Bluestone |
Source: 1991 Bluestone | Source: 1991 Bluestone | Source: 1991 Bluestone |
Source: 1991 Bluestone | Source: 1991 Bluestone | "Trumpet player, Greg Oaks, stands at attention, waiting to begin the band's halftime show." Source: 1991 Bluestone |
Sectional Photo at POC Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 12 Folder 1) | Sectional Photo at POC Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 12 Folder 1) | |
Sectional Photo at POC Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 12 Folder 1) | Sectional Photo at POC Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 12 Folder 1) | Sectional Photo at POC Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 12 Folder 1) |
Sectional Photo at POC Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 12 Folder 1) | Sectional Photo at POC Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 12 Folder 1) | Sectional Photo at POC Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 12 Folder 1) |
Sectional Photo at POC Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 12 Folder 1) | Sectional Photo at POC Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 12 Folder 1) | Sectional Photo at POC Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 12 Folder 1) |
Sectional Photo at POC Source: provided by Mike Diiorio | ||
1991 | ||
Source: 1992 Bluestone | Source: 1992 Bluestone | Source: 1992 Bluestone |
Source: 1992 Bluestone | Halloween Practice. Left to right: Judith Cross Painter, Jen Barber Gibson, and Karen Simmons Source: Carrier Library Collection | Halloween Practice. L to R: Mark Spielman, Brian Chaplow, Edward Bubba Naro, Mark Carter, Unknown, and Kent Baake. Source: Carrier Library Collection |
Exhibition performance at BOA Grand Nationals Source: Carrier Library Collection | Halloween Practice. Jason O’Brien, camoflage tuba. Source: Carrier Library Collection | Halloween Practice. Jason O’Brien, camoflage tuba. Source: Carrier Library Collection |
Source: Carrier Library Collection | Source: Carrier Library Collection | In front of Godwin. L to R: Bill Posey, Unknown, George Megaw, Unknown, Dawn Bilello Huskey, Bret Sumner Source: Carrier Library Collection |
Source: Carrier Library Collection | L to R: Rick Deloney, Mark Spielman, Unknown, Unknown, Daniel Valadie Source: Carrier Library Collection | Percussion Sectional Photo Source: provided by Mike Diiorio |
1992 | ||
Source: 1993 Bluestone | Source: 1993 Bluestone | Source: 1993 Bluestone |
Source: 1993 Bluestone | POC Sectional Photo Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 12 Folder 3) | POC Sectional Photo Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 12 Folder 3) |
POC Sectional Photo Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 12 Folder 3) | POC Sectional Photo Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 12 Folder 3) | POC Sectional Photo Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 12 Folder 3) |
POC Sectional Photo Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 12 Folder 3) | POC Sectional Photo Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 12 Folder 3) | POC Sectional Photo Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 12 Folder 3) |
POC Sectional Photo Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 12 Folder 3) | POC Sectional Photo Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 12 Folder 3) | Bands of America Exhibition Performance Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 2 Folder 3) |
Bands of America Exhibition Performance Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 2 Folder 3) | Bands of America Exhibition Performance Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 2 Folder 3) | Bands of America Exhibition Performance Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 2 Folder 3) |
Bands of America Exhibition Performance Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 2 Folder 3) | Bands of America Exhibition Performance Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 2 Folder 3) | Bands of America Exhibition Performance Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 2 Folder 3) |
Mellophone section. Note the ever-professional Bill Posey. Source: Lori Hambrick Rowsey | Mellophone section Source: provided by Lori Hambrick Rowsey | |
1993 | ||
Source: 1994 Bluestone | Source: 1994 Bluestone | Source: 1994 Bluestone |
Source: 1994 Bluestone | Source: 1994 Bluestone | |
1994 | ||
Source: 1995 Bluestone | Source: 1995 Bluestone | Source: 1995 Bluestone |
Source: 1995 Bluestone | "M(RD)ount Rushmore"Warmups before the Sudler Award presentation Blue Suits (Rooniforms) left to right: Dr. Pat Rooney, Glenda Rooney, Rick Deloney, Bill Posey, Shelly Boardman, Mike Doll, Bill Rice Note cameraman in background filming the highlights tape. Source: Carrier Library Collection | George Fitzgerald, on cymbals. (This pic ran in the USA today article.) Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 16 Folder 4) |
Baritone section Source: Carrier Library Collection | ||
1995 | ||
NFL Halftime Perfomance at RFK stadium Source: Original MRD website | Source: 1996 Bluestone | Source: 1996 Bluestone |
Source: 1996 Bluestone | Source: 1996 Bluestone | Source: 1996 Bluestone |
NFL Halftime Performance at RFK stadium Possibly the ending formation of "March from 1941" Source: Carrier Library Collection | Nick Liappis Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 14 Folder 4) | King George Fall Festival, King George, VA, Fall of '95 Source: Carrier Library Collection |
King George Fall Festival, King George, VA, Fall of '95. Drum Majors: Cheryl Arellano, Lori Hambrick Rowsey, Nick B Liappis, Amy Rohrer Richards, and Katie Le. Source: Carrier Library Collection | King George Fall Festival, King George, VA, Fall of '95 Source: Carrier Library Collection | |
1996 | ||
Source: 1997 Bluestone | Source: 1997 Bluestone | Source: 1997 Bluestone |
Source: 1997 Bluestone | Source: 1997 Bluestone | Source: Carrier Library Collection |
1997 | ||
Source: 1998 Bluestone | Source: 1998 Bluestone | Source: 1998 Bluestone |
Source: 1998 Bluestone | Source: 1998 Bluestone | |
1998 | ||
Source: 1999 Bluestone | Source: 1999 Bluestone | Source: 1999 Bluestone |
Source: 1999 Bluestone | Source: 1999 Bluestone | Saturday morning rehearsal. Dukettes in front. Source: Carrier Library Collection |
Going through music at band camp Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 14 Folder 3) | ||
1999 | ||
Source: 2000 Bluestone | Source: 2000 Bluestone | Source: 2000 Bluestone |
Source: 2000 Bluestone | Source: 2000 Bluestone | Source: 2000 Bluestone |
Source: 2000 Bluestone | Source: 2000 Bluestone | Eric Dicken, Jason Mick, Brian Lile, and Jeremy Walmer solo in "Firedance." Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 15 Folder 5) |
2001 | ||
Brandon Hamrick (left) and Jeb Collins (right) carry Dr. Pat Rooney for the "Superman" stand music and trick. Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 16 Folder 5) | Tubas (including Andre Holzmaier and Danny Harrison) carrying "superman" Glenda Rooney. Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 16 Folder 5) | |
Source: Second version of the MRD website | ||
2002 | ||
Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 14 Folder 3) | Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 14 Folder 3) | Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 14 Folder 3) |
Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 14 Folder 3) | Drum majors: Frankie Sampson, Heather Smith, Kelly Butterfield, and Matt Stuver Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 14 Folder 3) | Snares: Robert Chambers, Derek Hyden, Amanda Williams, Ben Scott, Amanda Brock Robson, Timothy Rossettini, Lisa Farrell, unknown, Matthew Robert Stansberry and Andrew Richardson. Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 14 Folder 3) |
Ben Bowman and Kelly Butterfield Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 14 Folder 3) | Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 14 Folder 3) | Source: Carrier Library Collection (Box 14 Folder 3) |
2016 | ||
The Marching Royal Ducks are alive and well Source: provided by Rick Deloney | ||
2018 | ||
Exhibition show at Hermitage High School. Source: provided by Mark Spielman |